गच्छता मातुलकुलं भरतेन तदाऽनघः | शत्रुघ्नो नित्यशत्रुघ्नो नीतः प्रीतिपुरस्कृतः || २-१-१
gachchhataa maatulakulaM bharatena tadaa.anaghaH | shatrughno nityashatrughno niitaH priitipuraskR^itaH || 2-1-1
स तत्र न्यवसद्भ्रात्रा सह सत्कारसत्कृतः | मातुलेनाश्वपतिना पुत्रस्नेहेन लालितः || २-१-२
sa tatra nyavasadbhraatraa saha satkaarasatkR^itaH | maatulenaashvapatinaa putrasnehena laalitaH || 2-1-2
Treated with good hospitality and paternal love by his maternal uncle, Yudhajit, who was a lord of cavalry, Bharatha stayed with his brother there.
तत्रापि निवसन्तौ तौ तर्प्यमाणौ च कामतः | भ्रातरौ स्मरतां वीरौ वृद्धं दशरथं नृपम् || २-१-३
tatraapi nivasantau tau tarpyamaaNau cha kaamataH | bhraatarau smarataaM viirau vR^iddhaM dasarathaM nR^ipam || 2-1-3
Those heroes of valour Bharatha and Satrughna, though staying there enjoying all the comforts, were remembering their age old father.
राजापि तौ महातेजाः सस्मार प्रोषितौ सुतौ | उभौ भरतशत्रुघ्नौ महेन्द्रवरुणोपमौ || २-१-४
raajaapi tau mahaatejaaH sasmaara proshhitau sutau | ubhau bharatashatrughnau mahendravaruNopamau || 2-1-4
The mighty Dasaratha was also often remembering his sons Bharatha and Satrughna who were out of his state and who were equivalent to Indra and Varuna.
सर्व एव तु तस्येष्टाश्चत्वारः पुरुषर्षभाः | स्वशरीराद्विनिर्वृत्ताश्चत्वार इव बाहवः || २-१-५
sarva eva tu tasyeshhTa shchatvaaraH purushharshhabhaaH | svasharIrAdvinirvR^ittAshchatvAra iva baahavaH || 2-1-5
Dasaratha was bestowing his equal love to all his four sons who were best among men, as though they were his four hands emerging out of his own body.
तेषामपि महातेजा रामो रतिकरः पितुः | स्वयम्भूरिव भूतानां बभूव गुणवत्तरः || २-१-६
teshhaamapi mahaatejaa raamo ratikaraH pituH | svayambhuuriva bhuutaanaaM babhuuva guNavattaraH || 2-1-6
Rama, like the Brahma among all the living beings, the most virtuous among those brothers and the mightiest was a great source of joy for his father.
स हि देवैरुदीर्णस्य रावणस्य वधार्थिभिः | अर्थितो मानुषे लोके जज्ञे विष्णुः सनातनः || २-१-७
sa hi devai rudiirNasya raavaNasya vadhaarthibhiH | arthito maanushhe loke jajJNe vishhNuH sanaatanaH || 2-1-7
That Rama - was He not the eternal Vishnu who was born on earth as prayed by celestials to kill the egoistic Ravana?
कौसल्या शुशुभे तेन पुत्रेणामिततेजसा | यथा वरेण देवानामदितिर्वज्रपाणिना || २-१-८
kausalyaa shushubhe putreNaamitatejasaa | yathaa vareNa devaanaamaditirvajrapaaNinaa || 2-1-8
Like Adithi by Indra, best among the celestials, Kausalya shone by her son Rama, the mighty.
स हि रूपोपपन्नश्च वीर्यवाननसूयकः | भूमावनुपमः सूनुर्गुणैर्दशरथोपमः || २-१-९
sa hi ruupopapannashcha viiryavaananasuuyakaH | bhuumaavanupamaH suunurgaNairdhasharathopamaH || 2-1-9
Rama was beautiful in form, a hero of valor and without envy. By virtues, he was like Dasaratha. In this way, he was an incomparable son on earth.
स च नित्यं प्रशान्तात्मा मृदुपूर्वं तु भाषते | उच्यमानोऽपि परुषं नोत्तरं प्रतिपद्यते || २-१-१०
sa cha nityaM prashaantaatmaa mR^idupuurvaM tu bhaashhate | uchyamaano.api parushhaM nottaraM pratipadyate || 2-1-10
That Rama was always peaceful in mind and spoke softly. He did not react even to the hard words spoken by others.
कथञ्चिदुपकारेण कृतेनैकेन तुष्यति | न स्मरत्यपकाराणां शतमप्यात्मवत्तया || २-१-११
kathaMchidupakaareNa kR^itenai kena tushhyati | na smaratyapakaaraaNaaM shatamapyaatmavattayaa || 2-1-11
That Rama, because of his good bent of mind, feels glad even by whatever way a good thing is done to him. He does not remember any number of bad things done to him.
शीलवृद्धैर्ज्ञानवृद्धैर्वयोवृद्धैश्च सज्जनैः | कथयन्नास्त वै नित्यमस्त्रयोग्यान्तरेष्वपि || २-१-१२
shiilavR^iddhai rjJNaanavR^iddhairvayovR^iddhaishcha sajjanaiH | kathayannaasta vainitya mastrayogyaantareshhvapi || 2-1-12
Whenever he finds some time even while practising archery, Rama used to converse with elderly people, elder by way of conduct or wisdom or age or with good- natured people.
बुद्धिमान्मधुराभाषी पूर्वभाषी प्रियंवदः | वीर्यवान्न च वीर्येण महता स्वेन विस्मितः || २-१-१३
buddhimaan madhuraabhaashhii puurvabhaashhii priyaMvadaH | viiryavaanna cha viiryeNa mahataa svena vismitaH || 2-1-13
Rama was a wise man. He used to speak sweetly. He was the first man to initiate a talk. His speech was compassionate. He was valorous. But he was not arrogant of his mighty valor.
न चानृतकथो विद्वान् वृद्धानां प्रतिपूजकः | अनुरक्तः प्रजाभिश्च प्रजाश्चाप्यनुरज्यते || २-१-१४
na chaanR^itakatho vidvaan vR^iddhaanaaM pratipuujakaH | anuraktaH prajaabhishcha prajaashchaapyanurajyate || 2-1-14
He did not speak untruth. He was all knowing. He used to be receptive and worshipful to the elders. People used to love him and he used to love the people.
सानुक्रोशो जितक्रोधो ब्राह्मणप्रतिपूजकः | दीनानुकम्पी धर्मज्ञो नित्यं प्रग्रहवाञ्शुचिः || २-१-१५
saanukrosho jitakrodho braahmaNapratipuujakaH | diinaanukampii dharmajJno nityaM pragrahavaan shuchiH || 2-1-15
He had compassion. He conquered anger. He used to be receptive and worshipful to the wise. He had mercy towards the meek. He knew what was to be done. He had always self-control. He was clean (in conduct).
कुलोचितमतिः क्षात्रं धर्मं स्वं बहुमन्यते | मन्यते परया कीर्त्या महत्स्वर्गफलं ततः || २-१-१६
kulochitamatiH kshaatraM dharmaM svaM bahumanyate | manyate parayaa kiirtya mahatsvargaphalaM tataH || 2-1-16
That Rama, having an attitude suitable for his social rank, giving due respect to righteousness of warrior-class, believed that by following the righteousness he would attain great fame and through it the fruit of heaven.
नाश्रेयसि रतो विद्वान्न विरुद्धकथारुचिः | उत्तरोत्तरयुक्तीनां वक्ता वाचस्पतिर्यथा || २-१-१७
naashreyasi rato vidvaanna viruddhakathaaruchiH | uttarottarayuktau cha vaktaa vaachaspati ryathaa || 2-1-17
Rama was not interested in actions, which were not beneficial. He was a scholar. He had no taste in tales opposing righteousness. Like vachaspathi, his eloquent speech contained a series of strategies for action.
अरोगस्तरुणो वाग्मी वपुष्मान्देशकालवित् | लोके पुरुषसारज्ञस्साधुरेको विनिर्मितः || २-१-१८
arogastaruNo vaagmii vapushhmaan deshakaalavit | loke purushhasaarajJNassaadhureko vinirmitaH || 2-1-18
Rama was a young man without any disease. He was a good speaker. He had a good body. He knew both time and place. He could grasp the essence of men. He was the one gentleman born on earth.
स तु श्रेष्ठैर्गुणैर्युक्तः प्रजानां पार्थिवात्मजः | बहिश्चर इव प्राणो बभूव गुणतः प्रियः || २-१-१९
sa tu sreshhThairguNairyuktaH prajaanaaM paarthivaatmajaH | bahishchara iva praaNo babhuuva guNataH priyaH || 2-1-19
People loved the virtuous prince Rama and treated him as their spirit moving outside.
सम्यग्विद्याव्रतस्नातो यथावत्साङ्गवेदवित् | इष्वस्त्रे च पितुः श्रेष्ठो बभूव भरताग्रजः || २-१-२०
samyagvidyaavratasnaato yathaavatsaaN^gavedavit | ishhvastre cha pituH shreshhTho babhuuva bharataagrajaH || 2-1-20
After completing his education properly, Rama, after knowing the veda along with vedanga-s as prescribed, became better than his father in the use of bow and arrows.
कल्याणाभिजनः साधुरदीनः सत्यवागृजुः | वृद्धैरभिविनीतश्च द्विजैर्धर्मार्थदर्शिभिः || २-१-२१
kalyaaNaabhijanaH saadhuradiinaH satyavaagR^ijuH | vR^iddhairabhiviniitashcha dvijairdharmaarthadarshibhiH || 2-1-21
Rama, having born in a good clan, was gentle minded. He was not feeble. He spoke truth. He was straightforward. He was properly trained by elderly brahmana-s those who knew righteousness.
धर्मकामार्थतत्त्वज्ञः स्मृतिमान्प्रतिभानवान् | लौकिके समयाचारे कृतकल्पो विशारदः || २-१-२२
dharmakaamaarthatattvajJNaH smR^itimaan pratibhaanavaan | laukike samayaachaare kR^itakalpo vishaaradaH || 2-1-22
Rama knew the real form of desire, wealth and righteousness. He had a good memory power. He had a spontaneous wisdom. He had skills in arranging customs useful to society prevalent at that time.
निभृतः संवृताकारो गुप्तमन्त्रः सहायवान् | अमोघक्रोधहर्षश्च त्यागसंयमकालवित् || २-१-२३
nibhR^itaH saMvR^itaakaaro guptamantraH sahaayavaan | amoghakrodhaharshhashcha tyaagasaMyamakaalavit || 2-1-23
Rama was humble. He did not let his feelings appear outwardly. He kept his thoughts to himself. He helped others. His anger and pleasure were not wasteful. He knew when to give and when not to give.
दृढभक्तिः स्थिरप्रज्ञो नासद्ग्राही न दुर्वचाः | निस्तन्द्रिरप्रमत्तश्च स्वदोषपरदोषवित् || २-१-२४
dR^iDhabhaktiH sthiraprajJNo naasadgraahii na durvachaaH | nistandrirapramattashcha svadoshhaparadoshhavit || 2-1-24
Rama had a firm devotion and steadfast mind. He was not stubborn nor did he speak evil words. He was free from idleness and was ever alert. He recognized his own errors and those of others.
शास्त्रज्ञश्च कृतज्ञश्च पुरुषान्तरकोविदः | यः प्रग्रहानुग्रहयोर्यथान्यायं विचक्षणः || २-१-२५
shaastrajJNashcha kR^itajJNashcha purushhaantarakovidaH | yaH pragrahaanugrahayoryathaanyaayaM vichakshaNaH || 2-1-25
Rama knew the theory and practice of sciences. He understood the differences among men. He could judiciously discriminate whom to protect and whom to punish.
सत्संग्रहप्रग्रहणे स्थानविन्निग्रहस्य च | आयकर्मण्युपायज्ञः संदृष्टव्ययकर्मवित् || २-१-२६
satsaMgrahapragrahaNe sthaanavinnigrahasya cha | aayakarmaNyupaayajJNaH saMdR^ishhTavyayakarmavit || 2-1-26
He identified good men and protected them. He knew the people worthy of reprimand. He knew the ways and means of getting income as well as the system of spending, as perceived by economic sciences.
श्रैष्ठ्यं शास्त्रसमूहेषु प्राप्तो व्यामिश्रकेषु च | अर्थधर्मौ च संगृह्य सुखतन्त्रो न चालसः || २-१-२७
shraishhThyaM shaastrasamuuheshhu praapto vyaamishrakeshhu cha | arthadharmau cha saMgR^ihya sukhatantro na chaalasaH || 2-1-27
Rama could obtain great skill in the groups of sciences along with their subsidiaries. He was interested in enjoying comforts only after understanding the economy and virtues. He never remained inactive.
वैहारिकाणां शिल्पानां विज्ञातार्थविभागवित् | आरोहे विनये चैव युक्तो वारणवाजिनाम् || २-१-२८
vaihaarikaaNaaM shilpaanaaM vijJNaataarthavibhaagavit | aarohe vinaye chaiva yuktovaaraNavaajinaam || 2-1-28
Rama was acquainted with the fine arts useful for entertainment. He knew how to distribute the wealth. He was efficient in riding and also taming of elephants and horses.
धनुर्वेदविदां श्रेष्ठो लोकेऽतिरथसम्मतः | अभियाता प्रहर्ता च सेनानयविशारदः || २-१-२९
dhanurvedavidaaM sreshhTho loke.atirathasaMmataH | abhiyaataa prahartaa cha senaanayavishaaradaH || 2-1-29
Rama was the best of persons knowing the science of archery in the world; and was well appreciated by the champions of archery. He attained skills in marshalling the army. He faced and killed the enemies in battle.
अप्रधृष्यश्च संग्रामे क्रुद्धैरपि सुरासुरैः | अनसूयो जितक्रोधो न दृप्तो न च मत्सरी | न चावमन्ता भूतानां न च कालवशानुगः || २-१-३०
apradhR^ishhyashcha saMgraame kruddhairapi suraasuraiH | anasuuyo jitakrodho na dR^ipto na cha matsarii | na chaavamantaa bhuutaanaaM na cha kaalavashaanugaH || 2-1-30
Even enraged celestials and demons could not defeat Rama in battle. He had no jealousy. He conquered anger. He had no arrogance and envy. He had not even humiliated any living being. He had not surrendered to time.
एवं श्रेष्ठगुणैर्युक्तः प्रजानां पार्थिवात्मजः | सम्मतस्त्रिषु लोकेषु वसुधायाः क्षमागुणैः || २-१-३१ बुद्ध्या बृहस्पतेस्तुल्यो वीर्येणापि शचीपतेः |
evaM shreshhThaguNairyuktaH prajaanaaM paarthivaatmajaH | saMmatastrishhu lokeshhuvasudhaayaaH kshamaaguNaiH || 2-1-31 buddyaa bR^ihaspatestulyo viiryeNaapi shachiipateH |
That Prince Rama, with these good virtues, was fair to the people. He was agreeable to the three worlds. By patience and the related virtues, he was equal to earth, by wisdom to Brihaspathi and by valor to Devendra.
तथा सर्वप्रजाकान्तैः प्रीतिसञ्जननैः पितुः || २-१-३२ गुणैर्विरुरुचे रामो दीप्तः सूर्य इवांशुभिः |
tathaa sarvaprajaakaantaiH priitisaMjananaiH pituH || 2-1-32 guNairviruruche raamo diiptaH suurya ivaaMshubhiH |
Rama, by his virtues, was a source of happiness to all the people and a spring of joy to his father. As the sun shines with his rays, Rama was shining, thus, with his virtues.
तमेवं व्रत्तसंपन्नमप्रधृष्यपराक्रमम् || २-१-३३ लोकपालोपमं नाथमकामयत मेदिनी |
tamevaMvratasaMpannamapradhR^ishhyaparaakramam || 2-1-33 lokapaalopamaM naathamakaamayata medinii |
The earth wished Rama to be her Lord as he was adorned with self -control and norms of behavior bearing undefeatable valor equal to that of universal lords like Indra.
एतैस्तु बहुभिर्युक्तं गुणैरनुपमैः सुतम् || २-१-३४ दृष्ट्वा दशरथो राजा चक्रे चिन्तां परन्तपः |
etaistu bahubhiryuktaM guNairanupamaiH sutam || 2-1-34 dR^ishhTvaa dasharatho raajaa chakre chintaaM paraMtapaH |
Dasaratha, who annihilates enemies, started thinking as follows after observing his son with his many incomparable virtues.
अथ राज्ञो बभूवैवं वृद्धस्य चिरजीविनः || २-१-३५ प्रीतिरेषा कथं रामो राजा स्यान्मयि जीवति |
atha raajJNo babhuuvaivaM vR^iddhasya chirajiivinaH || 2-1-35 priitireshhaa kathaM raamo raajaa syaanmayi jiivati |
The long living and aged Dasaratha thought: "Will Rama become king while I am still alive? Shall I enjoy that happiness?"
एषा ह्यस्य परा प्रीतिर्हृदि सम्परिवर्तते || २-१-३६ कदा नाम सुतं द्रक्ष्याम्यभिषिक्तमहं प्रियम् |
eshhaa hyasya paraa priitirhR^idi saMparivartate || 2-1-36 kadaa naama sutaM drakshyaamyabhishhiktamahaM priyam |
A great loving thought was ringing in his mind that when he would be able to see his beloved son Rama crowned as a king.
वृद्धिकामो हि लोकस्य सर्वभूतानुकम्पनः || २-१-३७ मत्तः प्रियतरो लोके पर्जन्य इव वृष्टिमान् |
vR^iddhikaamo hi lokasya sarvabhuutaanukampanaH || 2-1-37 mattaH priyataro loke parN^anya iva vR^ishhTimaan |
"Is not Rama, as a raining cloud to the earth, better liked by people than me, as he desires the development of the world and has compassion towards all living beings."
यमशक्रसमो वीर्ये बृहस्पतिसमो मतौ || २-१-३८ महीधरसमो धृत्यां मत्तश्च गुणवत्तरः |
yamashakrasamo viirye bR^ihaspatisamo matau || 2-1-38 mahiidharasamo dhR^ityaaM mattashcha guNavattaraH |
"Rama is equal to Yama and Devendra in valor, to Brihaspati in wisdom and to a mountain in courage. He is more virtuous also than me."
महीमहमिमां कृत्स्नामधितिष्ठन्तमात्मजम् || २-१-३९ अनेन वयसा दृष्ट्वा यथा स्वर्गमवाप्नुयाम् |
mahiimahamimaaM kR^itsnaamadhitishhThantamaatmajam || 2-1-39 anena vayasaa dR^ishhTvaa yathaa svargamavaapnuyaam |
"Shall I attain heaven, after seeing in this age, my son ruling the entire earth?"
इत्येतैर्विविधैस्तैस्तैरन्यपार्थिवदुर्लभैः || २-१-४० शिष्टैरपरिमेयैश्च लोके लोकोत्तरैर्गुणैः | तं समीक्ष्य महाराजो युक्तं समुदितैः शुभैः || २-१-४१ निश्चित्य सचिवैः सार्धं युवराजममन्यत |
ityetai rvividhai staistai ranyapaarthivadurlabhaiH || 2-1-40 shishhTairaparimeyaishchha loke lokottarairguNaiH | taM samiikshya mahaaraajo yuktaM samuditaiH shubhaiH || 2-1-41 nishchitya sachivaiH saardhaM yuvaraajamamanyata |
Rama had many other virtues beyond hitherto stated virtues not to be seen in other kings. His virtues cannot be counted and they are the best in the world. Seeing that type of virtuous Rama, Dasaratha along with his ministers, decided to make Rama the prince.
दिव्यन्तरिक्षे भूमौ च घोरमुत्पातजं भयम् || २-१-४२ संचचक्षेऽथ मेधावी शरीरे चात्मनो जराम् |
puurNachandraananasyaatha shokaapanudamaatmanaH || 2-1-43 loke raamasya bubudhe saMpriyatvaM mahaatmanaH |
The wise Dasaratha observed that there was sign of a great alarm being forecast because of bad omens found in earth heaven and the sky. He also told the ministers that his body was getting aged.
पूर्णचन्द्राननस्याथ शोकापनुदमात्मनः || २-१-४३ लोके रामस्य बुबुधे सम्प्रियत्वं महात्मनः |
aatmanashcha prajaanaaM cha shreyase cha priyeNa cha || 2-1-44 praaptakaalena dharmaatmaa bhaktyaa tvaritavaan nR^ipaH |
He recognized that if Rama were crowned as king, he would not have worries as Rama had beautiful face as a full moon; was a great wise man; and was liked by the people.
आत्मनश्च प्रजानां च श्रेयसे च प्रियेण च || २-१-४४ प्राप्तकालेन धर्मात्मा भक्त्या त्वरितवान् नृपः |
naanaanagaravaastavyaan pR^ithagjaanapadaanapi || 2-1-45 samaaninaaya medinyaaH pradhaanaan pR^ithiviipatiin |
The righteous Dasaratha was hurried with concern in the coronation of Rama as it is for his own benefit and for the benefit of people. Because it is as per his liking and also as the appropriate time has come.
नानानगरवास्तव्यान् पृथग्जानपदानपि || २-१-४५ समानिनाय मेदिन्याः प्रधानान्पृथिवीपतीन् |
na tu kekayaraajaanaM janakaM vaa naraadhipaH || 2-1-46 tvarayaa chaanayaamaasa pashchaattau shroshhyataH priyam |
Dasaratha called for other kings and officers staying in various cities and villages in his kingdom separately.
न तु केकयराजानं जनकं वा नराधिपः || २-१-४६ त्वरया चानयामास पश्चात्तौ श्रोष्यतः प्रियम् |
taanveshmanaanaabharaNairyathaarhaM pratipuujitaan || 2-1-47 dadarshaalaMkR^ito raajaa prajaapatiriva prajaaH |
The hurried Dasaratha did not call for the king Kekaya, the maternal uncle of Bharatha or the King Janaka as he thought they both could hear the good news even afterwards.
तान्वेश्मनानाभरणैर्यथार्हं प्रतिपूजितान् || २-१-४७ ददर्शालंकृतो राजा प्रजापतिरिव प्रजाः |
athopavishhTe nR^ipatau tasmin parabalaardane || 2-1-48 tataH pravivishuH sheshha raajaano lokasammataaH |
The king Dasaratha presented them suitably with houses and jewelry. Duly adorned himself, he looked after them in the manner Lord Brahma looks after his children.
अथोपविष्टे नृपतौ तस्मिन्परबलार्दने || २-१-४८ ततः प्रविविशुः शेषा राजानो लोकसम्मताः |
atha raajavitiirNeshhu vividheshhvaasaneshhu cha || 2-1-49 raajaanamevaabhimukhaa nishhedurniyataa nR^ipaaH |
All the invited kings, duly liked by their people, entered the assembly after the king Dasaratha , who annihilates the opponent's army, occupied his seat.
अथ राजवितीर्णेषु विविधेष्वासनेषु च || २-१-४९ राजानमेवाभिमुखा निषेदुर्नियता नृपाः |
sa labdhamaanairvinayaanvitairnR^ipaiH | puraalayai rjaanapadaishcha maanavaiH | upopavishhTairnR^ito babhau | sahasrachakshurbhagavaanivaamaraiH || 2-1-50
The kings thus entered, occupied their various seats allotted to them by the king, by facing toward the king as per the prescribed rules.
स लब्धमानैर्विनयान्वितैर्नृपैः | पुरालयैर्जानपदैश्च मानवैः | उपोपविष्टैर्नृपतिर्वृतो बभौ | सहस्रचक्षुर्भगवानिवामरैः || २-१-५०
Surrounded by the respected and humble kings sitting closely to him as well as the important heads of cities and villages, king Dasaratha shone like lord Devendra surrounded by celestials.
